Functional rehabilitation of a female dog with loxosceles spider bite-inducednecrosis: amputation, pre-prosthetic moxibustion, and endo-exoprosthesis implantation: case report
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A nine-year-old female Rottweiler was presented to a veterinary clinic with severe pain, edema, and progressive darkening of the right thoracic limb. Clinical and radiographic evaluations suggested envenomation by Loxosceles spider bite. Hematological and biochemical tests revealed no systemic alterations, indicating a localized lesion. Initial management included conservative treatment with mechanical and enzymatic debridement, wound care, antibiotic therapy, and analgesia, but showed no satisfactory improvement. Due to the progression of tissue necrosis and functional loss of the limb, a low-level amputation was performed, preserving the intact radial diaphysis. Postoperatively, in addition to conventional therapy, Moxibustion was applied to the stump to promote wound healing and improve tissue quality. After recovery, a custom-designed endo-exoprosthesis was implanted, fixed with five screws to the radial diaphysis, based on three-dimensional planning. This prosthesis was selected over conventional models to provide enhanced motor control, comfort, and durability. Preoperative evaluations confirmed the absence of significant systemic alterations, ensuring surgical and anesthetic safety for both the amputation and the implant procedure. This therapeutic approach enabled the patient to regain mobility and quality of life. The case highlights the effectiveness of combining conventional treatments, complementary therapies, and technological innovation in the locomotor rehabilitation of small animals.
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