Intestinal lymphangiectasia secondary to portosystemic shunt in a Biewer Terrier dog: case report

Abstract

Intestinal lymphangiectasia is characterized by dilation of the intestinal mucosal lymphatic vessels, leading to protein loss into the gastrointestinal lumen. Although it may occur primarily, it is often observed as a secondary manifestation of chronic hepatic disorders and portal hypertension. This article provides an overview of the clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects of lymphangiectasia and portosystemic shunt in dogs, followed by the case report of a five-year-old male Biewer Terrier diagnosed with secondary intestinal lymphangiectasia. The patient presented a clinical history consistent with portosystemic shunt, pleural and peritoneal effusion, hypoalbuminemia, gastrointestinal disturbances, low hematocrit, and neurological signs suggestive of hepatic encephalopathy. The diagnosis was confirmed through intestinal biopsy performed by endoscopy, after extensive clinical and laboratory investigation. This case highlights the importance of an integrated diagnostic approach in the management of lymphangiectasia, particularly when associated with hepatic comorbidities.